Towards efficient fog computing in smart cities: Balancing energy consumption and delay

Md Isa, Ida Syafiza and Mohd Nasir, Haslinah and Gannapathy, Vigneswara Rao and Jayadevan Naidu, Ashwini and Mohd Shaari Azyze, Nur Latif Azyze (2025) Towards efficient fog computing in smart cities: Balancing energy consumption and delay. International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology, 15 (1). pp. 332-342. ISSN 2252-8776

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Abstract

In this work, we propose fog-based energy-delay optimization (F-EDO) approach and benchmark its performance against the cloud-based energy-delay optimization (C-EDO) method, focusing on energy consumption and delay. Unlike previous studies that optimize energy or delay separately, FEDO minimizes both metrics simultaneously, achieving up to 52.2% energy savings with near-zero delay. Additionally, increasing the number of users also leads to energy savings. This is due to the optimized placement of fog servers at the access layer which reduces network energy consumption compared to C-EDO. F-EDO also significantly reduces delay, with negligible delay compared to C-EDO due to fog servers are placed closer to the users which minimized the transmission distances. Besides, the results also show that the energy saving in F-EDO compared to the C-EDO increased as the processing capacity of the processing server increased while maintaining its minimal delay. Overall, F-EDO proves to be a more energy-efficient and lower-delay solution for IoT networks, offering a better alternative to cloud-based offloading.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Cloud computing, Delay, Energy efficiency, Fog computing, Internet of Things
Divisions:	Faculty Of Electronics And Computer Technology And Engineering
Depositing User:	Sabariah Ismail
Date Deposited:	13 Jul 2026 07:16
Last Modified:	13 Jul 2026 07:16
URI:	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/29979
Statistic Details:	View Download Statistic

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