Engineering metal oxide nanofluids for enhanced heat transfer performance

Abdullah, Norli and Appan, Nanthini Sridewi and Norizan, Mohd Nurazzi and Mohd Rosli, Mohd Afzanizam and Ahmad Shah, Noor Aisyah and Baharin, Khairunnisa Waznah and Samsudin, Intan Juliana and Kasim, Norherdawati and Taufik, Safura and Abd Rashid, Jahwarhar Izuan and Mohd Husin, Mohd Haizal (2025) Engineering metal oxide nanofluids for enhanced heat transfer performance. Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, 132 (2). pp. 70-98. ISSN 2289-7879

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Abstract

Metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) have garnered significant attention for their potential to enhance the thermal properties of nanofluids. This review delves into various types of MONPs, including oxides of copper, aluminum, zinc, titanium, and silicon, which have been extensively studied for their superior thermal conductivity, stability, and unique properties. Several synthesis techniques, such as sol-gel, hydrothermal, chemical vapor deposition, and thermal decomposition, are employed to fabricate MONPs with precise control over size, shape, and crystallinity. These nanoparticles are subsequently dispersed in base fluids like water, ethylene glycol, or oil to form nanofluids, utilizing methods such as ultrasonication, mechanical stirring, or chemical reduction. MONP-based nanofluids exhibit enhanced thermal conductivity compared to their base fluids, attributed to factors like increased effective thermal conductivity, Brownian motion of nanoparticles, and interfacial thermal resistance. However, challenges such as nanoparticle agglomeration and sedimentation can hinder their stability and long-term performance. The viscosity of MONP-based nanofluids generally increases with nanoparticle concentration, potentially impacting their flow behavior and pumping requirements. Nevertheless, their superior thermal conductivity often outweighs the viscosity penalty in many applications. MONP-based nanofluids have found diverse applications in various industries. In the energy sector, they are employed in solar thermal systems and heat exchangers to improve energy efficiency. In electronics, they serve as advanced thermal management fluids for cooling electronic devices. Future research directions include developing novel synthesis techniques for producing well-dispersed and stable MONP-based nanofluids, exploring hybrid nanofluids with synergistic effects, and investigating the underlying mechanisms responsible for enhanced thermal properties. By addressing these challenges and continuing to advance the field, MONP-based nanofluids hold the promise of revolutionizing thermal management and energy efficiency in various applications.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Metal oxide nanoparticles, Nanofluids, Thermo physicalproperties
Divisions:	Faculty Of Mechanical Technology And Engineering
Depositing User:	Norfaradilla Idayu Ab. Ghafar
Date Deposited:	17 Jul 2026 07:20
Last Modified:	17 Jul 2026 07:20
URI:	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/29990
Statistic Details:	View Download Statistic

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