Dual-key slot mMwave antenna array with dual-band performance at 28 GHz and 38 GHz using characteristic mode analysis

Dalarsson, Mariana and Kiani, Saad Hassan and Mohd Ibrahim, Imran and Mugheri, Altaf Ahmed and Shariff B. G., Parveez and Khan, Muhammad Abbas and Ali, Tanweer and Rafique, Umair and Mostafa, Hala (2025) Dual-key slot mMwave antenna array with dual-band performance at 28 GHz and 38 GHz using characteristic mode analysis. Scientific Reports, 16 (1). pp. 1-15. ISSN 2045-2322

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Abstract

In this work, a dual key-shaped antenna for 28/38 GHz mmWave applications is designed, analyzed, and tested using the Theory of Characteristic Modes. The antenna is printed on a 0.254 mm thick substrate and has a compact footprint of 10 × 12 mm², making it suitable for modern space-limited 5G devices. It supports two operating bands centered at 28 GHz and 38 GHz, with measured fractional bandwidths of 12.5% and 21.05%, respectively. At the lower band, the first four characteristic modes dominate the radiation, while Modes 2, 3, 4, 6, and 10 mainly shape the higher-band performance. To further enhance gain and cover wider practical needs, the design is extended into a four-element linear array with an overall size of 19.75 × 26 × 0.254 mm³. The array provides peak gains of 10.5 dBi at 28 GHz and 11 dBi at 38 GHz, while maintaining more than 75% efficiency across both operating bands. A prototype of the antenna and array was fabricated and tested using in-house measurement facilities, showing good agreement with the simulated results. The proposed antenna system meets the key performance requirements for 5G mmWave communication and offers a compact and efficient solution for future 28/38 GHz wireless devices.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	28/38 GHz, Characteristics mode theory, Dual-band, Dual-key slot, MmWave, Feed array, Gain
Divisions:	Faculty Of Electronics And Computer Technology And Engineering
Depositing User:	Sabariah Ismail
Date Deposited:	17 Jul 2026 08:35
Last Modified:	17 Jul 2026 08:35
URI:	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/30005
Statistic Details:	View Download Statistic

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