Mapping the use of ubiquitous technology among engineering undergraduates: A confirmatory factor analysis perspective

Sedek, Muliati and Ahmat, Norun Najjah and Robani, Anidah and Jano, Zanariah (2025) Mapping the use of ubiquitous technology among engineering undergraduates: A confirmatory factor analysis perspective. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 15 (5). pp. 1406-1415. ISSN 2222-6990

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Abstract

Ubiquitous technologies—such as laptops, smartphones, and tablets—are commonly utilized by undergraduates in institutions of higher learning. However, limited research has been conducted to comprehensively examine the factors influencing their usage. A review of existing literature suggests that several key factors—namely, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, behavioural intention, facilitating conditions, and social status—play a significant role in determining technology adoption. Accordingly, this study aims to identify the factors contributing to the use of ubiquitous technologies among engineering undergraduates within the Malaysian Technical Universities Network (MTUN). Adopting a quantitative research design, data were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with AMOS. The study targeted third-year engineering students from four Malaysian Technical Universities (N = 4,247). A structured questionnaire was used as the research instrument, with 493 copies distributed and 400 valid responses collected for analysis. Findings from the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) validated four items each for the following constructs: performance expectancy (PE1, PE2, PE4, PE5), effort expectancy (EE1, EE2, EE3, EE4), social status (SS1, SS2, SS3, SS4), facilitating conditions (FC1, FC2, FC3, FC4), and behavioural intention (BI1, BI2, BI3, BI4).

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Ubiquitous technology, Engineering undergraduates, Confirmatory factor analysis, Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology
Divisions:	Centre For Language Learning
Depositing User:	Sabariah Ismail
Date Deposited:	11 Aug 2026 04:13
Last Modified:	11 Aug 2026 04:13
URI:	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/30218
Statistic Details:	View Download Statistic

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