Hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) in Indonesia: Policy for clean transport, net-zero emissions, and energy security of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles

Veza, Ibham and Abdu Yusuf, Abdulfatah and Epin, Vorathin and A. Ismael, Mhadi and Rahmana Putra, Nicky and Muhammad Idris and Muhammad Zulkarnain and C. Opia, Anthony (2025) Hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) in Indonesia: Policy for clean transport, net-zero emissions, and energy security of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles. Energy 360, 4 (100041). pp. 1-21. ISSN 2950-4872

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Abstract

Hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), emitting only water at the tailpipe, offer a strategic complement to battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in decarbonizing transport, especially for long-range and heavy-duty applications where rapid refueling is critical. This policy paper assesses Indonesia’s emerging hydrogen mobility strategy as a driver for clean transport, energy security, and achievement of the national net-zero target by 2060. The National Hydrogen Strategy, launched in December 2023, sets ambitious goals to cut fossil fuel reliance, expand domestic green hydrogen production, and establish Indonesia as a regional exporter. A notable step is the mandate for 50 percent hydrogen-powered transport in the new capital Nusantara by 2035, reflecting recognition of FCEVs as a key technology. The paper reviews the policy and regulatory framework, evaluates infrastructure readiness, and compares the performance of FCEVs against BEVs and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). Barriers include high green hydrogen costs, limited refueling stations, regulatory gaps, and lack of targeted incentives. International experiences from Japan, South Korea, and Germany show that fiscal support, certification schemes, and infrastructure investment can accelerate adoption. A phased roadmap is proposed for Indonesia, prioritizing FCEVs in heavy-duty and long-range transport. The roadmap highlights leveraging geothermal and solar resources to produce certified green hydrogen, ensuring genuine emissions reductions. Policy recommendations include carbon pricing aligned with renewables, green hydrogen certification, hydrogen refueling corridors, and integration of hydrogen into broader transport decarbonization strategies. Addressing these challenges systematically will strengthen energy security, enable industrial development, and position hydrogen mobility as a viable pillar of Indonesia’s low-carbon future.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	FCEV, Hydrogen fuel cell, Electric vehicles policy, Indonesia net-zero 2060, Green hydrogen renewable energy, Transportation energy security, Clean transport policy
Divisions:	Faculty Of Mechanical Technology And Engineering
Depositing User:	Norfaradilla Idayu Ab. Ghafar
Date Deposited:	11 Aug 2026 03:10
Last Modified:	11 Aug 2026 03:10
URI:	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/30239
Statistic Details:	View Download Statistic

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