Enhancing the durability, efficiency, and sustainability of nanofluid–PCM photovoltaic/thermal systems: Meta analysis of current constraints and future research directions

Arifin, Zainal and Bangun, Watuhumalang Bhre and Prasetyo, Singgih Dwi and Trisnoaji, Yuki and Mohd Rosli, Mohd Afzanizam (2026) Enhancing the durability, efficiency, and sustainability of nanofluid–PCM photovoltaic/thermal systems: Meta analysis of current constraints and future research directions. Results in Engineering, 30. pp. 1-23. ISSN 2590-1230

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Abstract

Thermal stress remains a significant constraint on photovoltaic (PV) performance, necessitating advanced cooling strategies that enhance both electrical efficiency and operational stability. This study presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of 50 experimental and numerical investigations examining hybrid nanofluid–PCM cooling in PV/T systems. A multistage PRISMA framework and random-effects modeling were employed to synthesize heterogeneous performance indicators and evaluate robustness across study conditions. The findings indicate that hybrid cooling delivers consistent multidimensional improvements, including an average electrical efficiency increase of 3.10% and a thermal efficiency gain of 5.50%, alongside substantial heat transfer enhancement. Subgroup comparisons demonstrate that hybrid configurations outperform single-mode approaches, confirming the synergistic interaction between convective nanofluid mechanisms and latent-heat buffering. Sensitivity and publication bias analyses support the reliability of the aggregated evidence. Despite promising performance gains, challenges related to long-term material stability, environmental considerations, and large-scale economic feasibility remain unresolved. Overall, hybrid nanofluid–PCM cooling represents a strategically significant pathway for improving PV/T efficiency and thermal resilience, warranting further standardization and real-world validation.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Electrical and thermal efficiency, Meta-analysis, Nanofluid–PCM hybrid cooling, Photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) systems
Divisions:	Faculty Of Mechanical Technology And Engineering
Depositing User:	Sabariah Ismail
Date Deposited:	04 Sep 2026 01:03
Last Modified:	04 Sep 2026 01:03
URI:	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/30393
Statistic Details:	View Download Statistic

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