Ooi, Qi Xiang (2024) Evaluation of airflow distribution on temporary evacuation centers: Case study in Melaka. Masters thesis, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka.
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Abstract
During floods, the Malaysian Department of Welfare (JKM) oversees the opening and assigning of victims to evacuation centres. Public buildings such as school classrooms and community halls act as Temporary Evacuation Centers (TEC) that can last up to two weeks. The foldable tents will be provided to each family at the evacuation centres to ensure that the victims have personal space. For privacy and separation, they were confined in four temporary tents with only a few fans from the building to keep their comfort. According to the evacuation during the recent floods Therefore, the thermal comfort level within the temporary tent is usually affected by the airflow distribution from naturally ventilated buildings based on building layout and design. In this study, two independent public buildings were hall (School A) and a classroom (School B) in Melaka, Malaysia, were investigated to simulate the airflow distribution accordingly. Airflow air sampling measures on air velocities and air temperature against time by vane anemometer were performed using indoor air sampling techniques for 24 hours timeframe. Airflow distribution throughout the floor was used to simulate the airflow with the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model to identify the airflow direction. The motivation of the study is to investigate the critical synergy between velocity and temperature distribution at temporary evacuation centers (TECs) during emergencies. Airflow patterns interact with temperature variations within TECs is essential for optimizing their design and operational effectiveness. By analyzing simulation data and comparing it with DOSH official guidelines, this research seeks to enhance our understanding of indoor air quality and thermal comfort in TECs. The findings are expected to contribute practical insights for improving evacuation center infrastructure and regulatory standards, thereby better preparing communities for disaster resilience and response. The average airflow rate between Schools A and B was 0.19 ms-1 and 0.27 ms-1, respectively, after the data collection. Meanwhile, the average air temperature between Schools A and B was 30.3℃ and 29.4℃, respectively. School A and School B had the statistically significance to each other. The air velocity and ait temperature between School A and School B have the different values due to their geographical location. Therefore, School B is the better model during the flood evacuation based on the analysis. To improve airflow in Temporary Evacuation Centers (TECs), focus on optimizing ventilation with natural openings and mechanical systems strategically placed for consistent air circulation. Use high-efficiency air filters like HEPA filters and adjustable ducting for tailored ventilation. Regular maintenance and monitoring of systems ensure efficiency, while enhancing insulation and using green building practices further support airflow management. Temporary barriers can also be employed to direct airflow effectively within the space, enhancing comfort and safety for occupants during emergencies.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Evacuation centres, Airflow distribution, Thermal comfort |
| Divisions: | Library > Tesis > FTKM |
| Depositing User: | Muhamad Hafeez Zainudin |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Apr 2025 09:46 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Apr 2025 09:57 |
| URI: | http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/28671 |
| Statistic Details: | View Download Statistic |
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