Tribological evaluation of a novel scallop-shell CaCO3 additive for extracted banana peel oil lubricant

Abdullah, Muhammad Ilman Hakimi Chua and Abdollah, Mohd Fadzli and Mohamad Fazdhli, Fawzan Hanafi and Jie, Chye Wong and Khashi’ie, Najiyah Safwa and Sundi @ Suandi, Syahrul Azwan and Waini, Iskandar and Mohamad, Effendi and Abdullah, Rohana and Puspitasari, Poppy and Avita, Ayu (2024) Tribological evaluation of a novel scallop-shell CaCO3 additive for extracted banana peel oil lubricant. Jurnal Tribologi, 43. pp. 71-85. ISSN 2289-7232

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Abstract

Nowadays, many sectors use lubrication derived from petroleum oil, resulting in severe environmental pollution. Hence, as a countermeasure, developing lubricants from organic sources is gaining attention. This research aimed to formulate a new bio-based banana peel oil by adding scallop shell nanoparticles (SSNs) as an additive. The process involved extracting banana peel oil (BPO) using a Szf-06A Soxhlet extraction fat analyser. The extracted oil was mixed with 0.5 vol% of three types of SSNs as an additive, and the mixture was then homogenised using ultrasonication. A tribological test using a four-ball tester, according to ASTM D-4172, was performed to determine the coefficient of friction (CoF) and the wear scar diameter (WSD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted to verify the wear mechanism. Samples with commercial-sized SSN additives yielded the best CoF (0.08385) and WSD (0.67 mm) results, indicating that commercial SSN additives can improve the physical properties and enhance the excellent anti-wear and anti-friction characteristics of lubricant mixtures compared to mineral oil.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Banana peel, Bio-based oil, CaCO3, Nanoparticles, Tribology
Divisions: Faculty Of Mechanical Technology And Engineering
Depositing User: Sabariah Ismail
Date Deposited: 23 May 2025 16:25
Last Modified: 23 May 2025 16:25
URI: http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/28696
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