Non-verbal cues in interactive systems: Enhancing proactivity through winking and turning gestures

Esro, Mazran and Anas, Siti Aisyah and Tuani Ibrahim, Ahamed Fayeez and Jaya Kumar, Yogan and Gannapathy, Vigneswara Rao and Abd Gaus, Yona Falinie and Rajkumar, Sujatha (2025) Non-verbal cues in interactive systems: Enhancing proactivity through winking and turning gestures. Advance Sustainable Science, Engineering and Technology, 7 (1). pp. 1-13. ISSN 2715-4211

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Abstract

This investigation investigates the extent to which proactive behaviours in interactive objects—specifically animated eyes that exhibit behaviours such as blinking and turning—improve user interaction. Through a two-phase process, we investigate the influence of these behaviors on users’ perceptions of proactivity in both physical and virtual environments. In Phase I, we conducted a real-world study using a tangible box with animated eyes to evaluate user responses to expressive behaviours in single-and multi-person interactions. The results indicate that blinking significantly improves perceptions of the box’s intentionality and engagement, thereby fostering a more robust sense of proactivity. Phase II expands this investigation to a virtual environment, where 240 participants on Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) participated, thereby validating the real-world findings. The online study confirms that perceived proactivity is consistently increased across contexts by blinking and turning. These findings indicate that integrating basic, human-like behaviors into interactive systems can enhance user engagement and provide practical advice for the development of sustainable, low-complexity interactive technologies. These discoveries facilitate the future development of resource-efficient and accessible human-computer interaction and robotic systems by simulating intentionality through minimal behavior.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Behavioral cues, Interactive design, Human computer interaction, Mechanical turk study, User experience design, Robotics
Divisions:	Faculty Of Electronics And Computer Technology And Engineering
Depositing User:	Norfaradilla Idayu Ab. Ghafar
Date Deposited:	11 Aug 2025 04:00
Last Modified:	11 Aug 2025 04:00
URI:	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/28855
Statistic Details:	View Download Statistic

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