Patterns and root causes of exposure to ergonomics risk factors among Malaysian office workers: Retrospective study from practitioners’ reports

Radin Umar, Zaid @ Radin Zaid and Mohamad, Nazihah and Jing Yin, Tiong and Ahmad, Nadiah (2025) Patterns and root causes of exposure to ergonomics risk factors among Malaysian office workers: Retrospective study from practitioners’ reports. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 15 (1). pp. 96-107. ISSN 2738-9707

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Abstract

Introduction: Symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders are common among office workers worldwide. However, there has been limited published data that examine patterns and root causes of exposures to ergonomics risk factors, especially sourced from ergonomists’ assessment reports. This study investigates the prevalence rates of Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSD) symptoms, ergonomics risk factor exposure patterns, and root causes of these exposures among office workers in Malaysia ergonomists’ perspectives. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among Malaysian office workers. Data were extracted from 399 individual ergonomics assessment reports prepared by professional ergonomists. These reports were obtained over a period of 17 years (March 2001 until November 2018), across 16 different offices in 5 states and 1 Federal territory. In addition to self-report body symptom data, extracted data includes ergonomics risk factors, and root causes identified by professional ergonomists. Descriptive and statistical analyses were conducted to determine patterns from extracted data. Results: Data showed high MSD symptoms prevalence (87%) of varying degrees among sample population. The body parts most affected among sample population include shoulder (42%), lower back (38%) and neck (32%). Gender and age are seen to be associated with the reported MSD symptoms severity levels. Common ergonomics risk factors among office workers include poor posture (97%), static loading (90%), and contact stress (74%). The majority of the root causes to individual’s ergonomics exposures can be traced to substandard workstation setups as well as poor work habits. Conclusion: The study provides insight on patterns and root causes of exposure to ergonomics risk factors among Malaysian office workers from ergonomists’ point of view.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Ergonomics risk factors, Musculoskeletal disorder symptoms, Office ergonomics, Prevalence.
Divisions:	Faculty Of Industrial And Manufacturing Technology And Engineering
Depositing User:	Norfaradilla Idayu Ab. Ghafar
Date Deposited:	23 Feb 2026 03:06
Last Modified:	23 Feb 2026 03:06
URI:	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/29513
Statistic Details:	View Download Statistic

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