Optimal coordination of active distribution system operation supported with BESS under varying PV-wind generation and load demands

Mokhlis, Hazlie and Mansor, Nurulafiqah Nadzirah and Ali, Asad and Mohamad, Hasmaini and Saharuddin, Nur Zawani and Shareef, Hussain (2026) Optimal coordination of active distribution system operation supported with BESS under varying PV-wind generation and load demands. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, 19. pp. 1-16. ISSN 1751-8687

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Abstract

The growing penetration of photovoltaic and wind generation is reshaping traditional distribution networks into active distribution systems. Maintaining secure and efficient operation under variable generation and load conditions has become increasingly challenging. This study presents an optimal coordination framework for active distribution system operation that integrates battery energy storage systems with practical network control mechanisms, including on-load tap changers, switchable capacitor banks and feeder reconfiguration. To effectively manage the mixed nature of decision variables, a hybrid optimization strategy is developed in which the discrete firefly algorithm is employed to handle discrete control actions such as OLTC tap positions and network reconfiguration, while the generalized normal distribution optimization method is applied to continuous variables related to renewable energy sources, BESS power scheduling and capacitor bank sizing. This coordinated optimization allows renewable generation and energy storage to operate synergistically, mitigating intermittency effects without causing voltage violations or thermal overloading. Practical applicability is ensured by incorporating realistic operational constraints, including voltage and line current limits, radial network structure, OLTC operating ranges, BESS state-of-charge limits and safe switching requirements. The framework is assessed over a 24-h operating horizon to capture the dynamic interaction between load demand and renewable generation. Validation on the IEEE 69-bus system and the real Iran 59-bus distribution network demonstrates notable improvements in voltage regulation, loss reduction and operational cost, while preserving system reliability. The proposed coordination approach offers a feasible and implementable solution for managing renewable-rich active distribution systems.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Capacitor bank, Capacitor storage, Charging (batteries), Data storage equipment, Electric power distribution, Natural resources, Optimization, Renewable energy, Secondary batteries, Voltage control, Voltage regulators
Divisions:	Faculty Of Electrical Technology And Engineering
Depositing User:	Norfaradilla Idayu Ab. Ghafar
Date Deposited:	04 Sep 2026 01:10
Last Modified:	04 Sep 2026 01:10
URI:	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/30377
Statistic Details:	View Download Statistic

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