Sivarao, Subramonian and Azhar Shah, Abu Hassan and Rizal, M S and Ahmad , Kamely and Tajul Ariffin, Abdullah and Taufik, , (2009) CHARACTERIZING CHICKEN EGGSHELL REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE (PP). In: The International Conference on Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies (AMPT ‘09), 26-29 October 2009, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Abstract
Chicken eggshell (ES) is an industrial by product containing 95% calcium carbonate and its disposal constitutes a serious environmental hazard. ES contains about 95% calcium carbonate in the form of calcite and 5% organic materials such as type X collagen, sulfated polysaccharides, and other proteins. Although there have been several attempts to use eggshell components for different applications, its chemical composition and availability makes eggshell a potential source of filler for PP composites. In this research work, different proportions of chicken eggshell as bio-filler for polypropylene (PP) composite were compared with different operating temperature by creep test, hardness test and SEM photomicrographs. The eggshell had been prepared by blending and sieving them into granule size of less than 160µm. The granules were then mixed with polypropylene into four weight ratios, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% respectively using fine extruder, where silane was used as the coupling agent. From the result, it was learnt that, the ES filler had improved Creep Strain and Creep Modulus for the operating temperatures of 34°C and 80°C. Tensile and flexural tests were also performed to study the pattern and behaviour of the chicken egg shell particulated polypropylene. In general, the findings can be concluded that not all ratios of particulation yielded positive as expected, but there were also conditions where virgin polypropylene yields better result depending on the test type and composite matrices.
| Item Type: | Conference or Workshop Item (Paper) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering > Department of Manufacturing Process |
| Depositing User: | Assoc. Pror. Ir. Dr. Sivarao Subramonian |
| Date Deposited: | 16 Dec 2013 05:29 |
| Last Modified: | 28 May 2015 04:02 |
| URI: | http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/9277 |
| Statistic Details: | View Download Statistic |
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