Predictive performance of anti-lock braking system with PID controller optimized by gravitational search algorithm for a quarter car model: Simulation modeling and control

Rahmat, Mohd Sabirin and Ahmad, Fauzi and Aparow, Vimal Rau and Ramli, Rizauddin and Mohamed Haris, Sallehuddin and Mohd Sabri, Mohd Anas and Meor Ahmad, Meor Iqram and Mustafa, Mohd Muhyidin (2025) Predictive performance of anti-lock braking system with PID controller optimized by gravitational search algorithm for a quarter car model: Simulation modeling and control. Automotive Experiences, 8 (1). pp. 19-31. ISSN 2615-6202

Text 01827290920251028162207.pdf Download (1MB)

Abstract

Anti-lock Braking Systems (ABS) are critical safety components in the passenger vehicles. The ABS is designed to prevent wheel lock-up during braking and maintain vehicle control. However, conventional braking systems have produced limitations in stopping distance and slip ratio, especially on varying road surfaces. This research addresses these issues by developing an ABS model using a quarter-car framework incorporated with a PID controller optimized by using Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA). In this study, the mathematical equation of a quarter-car brake model is derived in representing a conventional braking system to provide a basis system for analyzing it performance. Next, Simulink model is developed in MATLAB to simulate the conventional braking system. To develop an ABS model, a PID controller is developed. The PID parameters are tuned manually using a trial-and-error approach to provide a baseline for comparison. Subsequently, GSA is applied to optimize the PID controller parameters to improve stopping distance and maintain optimal slip ratios. The ABS performance is evaluated by analyzing performance criteria including stopping distance, slip ratio, vehicle speed, and wheel speed. Comparative analysis indicated significant improvements in braking performance against the conventional system. The ABS with PID controller optimized by GSA reduced stopping distances, better slip ratio control, and improved vehicle stability during braking. The expected finding of the proposed ABS with PID optimized by GSA offers considerable advancements in automotive braking technology. These results underscore the potential for real-world applications in enhancing vehicle safety systems, contributing to safer and more reliable passenger vehicle braking performance.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Anti-lock braking system, PID controller, Quarter car model, Gravitational search algorithm
Divisions:	Faculty Of Mechanical Technology And Engineering
Depositing User:	Norfaradilla Idayu Ab. Ghafar
Date Deposited:	27 Oct 2025 04:53
Last Modified:	27 Oct 2025 04:53
URI:	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/29037
Statistic Details:	View Download Statistic

Actions (login required)

View Item